How is the twist inserted in the roving?

Twisting is accomplished by the ‘flyer’ which is carried on the spindle. As the strand is delivered at the front rolls, it is led downward and forward to the top of the flyer, through the flier and on to the bobbin.

The flyer revolves rapidly and carries the roving around with it. The result is that the front roll is delivering a narrow ribbon of fibres in a fixed plane; the flyer, holding the other end of the exposed strand, turns rapidly and twists it.

The twist runs quickly up to the front roll as there is nothing to prevent. As rapidly as the front roll delivers a new length of ribbon, the flyer makes additional turns and they run back to the front roll.

For any given condition, the flyer speed and the front roll speed are fixed, which gives a constant ratio between the turns of twist and the inches delivered at the front roll. This is the “twist per inch”.

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